Genetics Vocabulary

A distinguishing quality or characteristic. Physical characteristics are studied in genetics.

The passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically.

The study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics.

Bred from parents of the same breed or variety.

The basic unit of heredity passed from parent to child. Genes are factors that control traits.

One or two more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place of a chromosome. Different forms of a gene.

Both genes in a pair must be abnormal to cause disease.

Having two different alleles of a particular gene or genes.

Most important, powerful, or influential.

Father of Genes

The off-spring of two plants or animals. An organism that had two different Alles for a trait.

A measurement tool that helps us predict chances of an off-spring. The likelihood that a typical event will occur.

Plant with pollen from another flower or plant

The deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism.

The set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment. Refers to the expression of the trait. Exp blue eyes or green eyes. An organism physical appearance.

Refers to the exact pairing of alleles. Exp BB, Bb, bb. Not concerned with expression. Only pairing. Genetic makeup.

having two identical alleles of a particular gene or genes.

A type of inheritance in which 2 versions (alleles) of the same gene are expressed. Alles are neither dominant or recessive.

a form of Gene interaction in which both alleles of a gene at a locus are partially expressed, often resulting in an intermediate or different phenotype. It is also known as partial dominance. For eg., in roses, the allele for red colour is dominant over the allele for white colour.

an allele of a genetic locus having more than two allelic forms within a population.

Another term for Blood Group any of the various types of human blood whose antigen characteristics determine compatibility in transfusion. The best known blood groups are those of the ABO system.

Male sex chromosome

Female sex chromosome

Record of descendent of an animal.