Chemical Equilibrium
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What is heat of the reaction?
The energy absorbed or released in a chemical reaction
What is an exothermic reaction?
Reaction that releases energy
What is an endothermic reaction?
Reaction that absorbs energy
What is activation energy?
The minimum amount of energy required for a reaction to take place
What is a activated complex?
The unstable transition state from reactants to products
What is reaction rate ?
The change in concentration of reactants or products per unit time
What is a positive catalyst?
A substance that increases the rate of reaction of a chemical reaction without undergoing a permanent change
What is a catalyst?
A substance that increases the rate of reaction by providing an alternative oath of lower activation energy. It decreases the total activation energy
What is chemical equilibrium?
A dynamic equilibrium when the rate of the forward reaction equals to the rate of the reverse reaction
State Lê Chaterlier ‘s principle
When the equilibrium in a closed system is disturbed the system will reinstate a new equilibrium by favouring the reaction that will oppose the disturbance
Which factors influence equilibrium?
Concentration Pressure Temperature
What can change the equilibrium constant (Kc) ?
Only temperature. The increase in temperature will favour the endothermic reaction because it uses the temperature up.
What does the Kc value of 1 mean?
It means that the equilibrium concentrations of the products and reactants are equal
What does a Kc value of less than 1 mean ( Kc <1)
The concentration of reactants is higher than the concentration of the products therefore equilibrium lies to the left
What does a Kc value greater than 1 mean (Kc >1)
The concentration of products is greater than the concentration of reactants. Equilibrium lies to the right.
How to increase Kc value
Do something that will favour the forward reaction to shit equilibrium to the right.
How to decrease Kc value
Do something to the temperature that favours the reverse reaction then equilibrium will shift to the left ( reactant formation) and Kc will decrease