13. Metals
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What is metallic bonding?
The attraction between positive ions and delocalised electrons
Why do metals conduct electricity?
The (outer) electrons are delocalised and free to flow
What is meant by oxidation?
The loss of electrons
Why do metals lose electrons?
To obtain a full valence shell
How many electrons do metal lose?
The number of outer electrons they have
What charge is on metal ions?
The positive charge equivalent to the number of electrons they have lost.
What are the 4 reactions of metals?
With acid With water With oxygen Displacement
What are the products of reacting metals with acids?
A salt plus hydrogen
What are the products of reacting metals with water?
A metal hydroxide plus hydrogen
What do we call naturally occuring metal compounds?
Ores
What is the product of reacting metals with oxygen?
A metal oxide
What are the 3 ways of extracting metals from ores?
Electrolysis ( Al and above) Heating with carbon ( Cu to Mg) Heating ( Below Cu)
What type of bonding is found in almost all metallic compounds?
Ionic bonding
What do we call the process of making metal ions into metal atoms during extraction?
Reduction (gain of electrons)
How does the reactivity of metals affect their reactions with water, acids, and oxygen?
What are the 3 methods of extracting metals and which metals can be extracted by each method?
