Bio psych part 1

Study of physiological, evolutionary, and developmental mechanisms of behavior and experience

Explain Monism and Dualism

Also called nerve cells. Receive information and transmit it to other cells

Structure that protects the inside of the cell to the outside. thin and flexible barrier made of molecules that separates and encloses different parts of cells or compartments in living organisms, helping to control what goes in and out.

Branching fibers/roots of a neuron which impulses received from other cells at synapses are transmitted to the cell body.

Cell body

the long threadlike part of a nerve cell along which impulses are conducted from the cell body to other cells.

Main working cells of the brain; support and nurture neurons.

Body’s defenders of the brain. Removes damaged cells; responds to pathogens

type of glial cell that are involved in the formation of myelin sheath, insulators

type of glial cell that surrounds neurons, keeping them alive and sometimes covering them with a myelin sheath, and are the major glial cell type in the peripheral nervous system

type of glial cells that helps young braincells move to their right places as the brain grows

The ______ is like a protective shield made of special cells and structures that prevents harmful substances in the blood from easily entering the brain, while allowing essential nutrients and molecules to pass through to keep the brain healthy.

________ surround brain capillaries and, during development, induce endothelial cells to form tight junctions. The endothelial tight junctions are the basis of the blood-brain barrier, a system of controlled transcapillary transport which maintains homeostasis in the CNS.

quick electrical message that travels along nerve cells, allowing them to communicate and transmit information in the body.

principle that states that the strength of a response of a nerve cell or muscle fiber is not dependent upon the strength of the stimulus. If a stimulus is above a certain threshold, a nerve or muscle fiber will fire

endings of a nerve cells that send signals to another nerve cell or muscle cells

block specific channels in nerve cells, called sodium channels. These channels are responsible for transmitting pain signals as electrical impulses

refers to the ability of the cell membrane to control the flow of substances in and out of the cell. It helps maintain a cell’s internal environment, and to regulate its internal conditions, such as osmotic pressure, pH, and ion concentration.

Autonomic Nervous System consists of two divisions which are

body’s “fight or flight” response, activating when you need to react quickly to a threat

the “rest and digest” mode, helping your body relax and maintain normal functions during peaceful times.

Neurons/messengers that carry information from your body’s senses to your brain

Neurons/messengers that transmit signals from your brain to your muscles and organs to control your body’s actions.