2.2 Group 2
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What is the trend of reactivity down Group 2 and why?
Increasing Reactivity Distance between outer electron and nucleus increases, shielding increases Outer electron is more easily lost
What is the reaction for magnesium and cold water?
Mg+ 2H2O —> Mg (OH)2 + H2
What is the equation for the reaction between magnesium and steam?
Mg + H2O —> MgO + H2
How do melting points change down the group?
Decrease down the group Atomic radius increases More shielding Electrostatic forces weaken
How does ionisation energy change down the group?
Atomic radius increases Shielding increases
What is the order of solubility with group 2 hydroxides?
Calcium Hydroxide least soluble Gets more soluble going down the group
What is the order of solubility for group 2 sulfates?
Become less soluble down the group
What is the use for BaSO4 in medicine and why?
BaSO4 is insoluble so cannot be absorbed through intestines Used to X-ray soft tissue of intestines
What is the use of Mg(OH)2 in medicine?
Neutralises stomach acid so used for indigestion and doesn’t produce CO2 like calcium carbonate Insoluble so can take as much as necessary
What is the agricultural use for Ca(OH)2?
Slaked lime which neutralises acidic soil which could hinder plant growth
What is the industrial use of CaCO3?
Flue gas desulfurisation CaCO3 + SO2 —> CaSO3 + CO
How is titanium obtained through use of magnesium?
TiCl4 + 2Mg —> Ti + 2MgCl2
Why is titanium expensive?
• Mg is expensive • Batch process which is slower and more labour intensive • Argon needed to reduce moisture in atmosphere • High temperatures