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L-2 Basics of disease

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Total cards: 19•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (19)

#1
Front (Question)

disease results from alterations in….

Back (Answer)

• structure or amount • biochemical reactions and processes

#2
Front (Question)

monosaccharide

Back (Answer)

glucose fructose galactose

#3
Front (Question)

disaccharides

Back (Answer)

sucrose (glucose & fructose) lactose (glucose & galactose)

#4
Front (Question)

polysaccharides

Back (Answer)

muscle glycogen starch cellulose

#5
Front (Question)

lactose intolerence what enzyme breaks lactose what happens to unabsorbed lactose

Back (Answer)

• lactose must be digested into monosaccharides before it can absorbed in intestine • lactase enzyme breaks lactose • unabsorbed lactose causes gas, cramping and diarrhoea

#6
Front (Question)

Galactosaemia

Back (Answer)

Its an inherited disorder Its the inability to metabolise galactose which causes accumulation galactose-1-phosphate in blood If infant with galactosaemia gets milk they get - liver damage - cognitive development delay - kidney failure

#7
Front (Question)

physical agents cause major disease

Back (Answer)

• change in temperature/climate • radiation

#8
Front (Question)

chemical agents & drugs cause disease

Back (Answer)

• Toxic compounds • certain drugs

#9
Front (Question)

Biologic agents causes disease

Back (Answer)

-viruses -bacteria, fungi, higher parasites, prions

#10
Front (Question)

Lack of oxygen cause disease

Back (Answer)

-loss of blood -ischemic heart disease

#11
Front (Question)

genetic causes disease

Back (Answer)

-germline mutation (inherited mutation) -somatic mutation (not inherited)

#12
Front (Question)

immunologic reaction cause disease

Back (Answer)

-autoimmune (failure of self recognition by body) -analaphylaxis (extreme allergy)

#13
Front (Question)

nutritional imbalance cause disease

Back (Answer)

-nutrient deficiencies -nutrient excesses

#14
Front (Question)

endocrine imbalance cause disease

Back (Answer)

-hormone deficiencies -hormone excesses

#15
Front (Question)

what’s antigenic variation

Back (Answer)

Pathogens are able to change expression and prevent recognition. Human viruses can exchange genes with the viruses of domestic animals

#16
Front (Question)

what’s antigenic variation

Back (Answer)

Pathogens are able to change expression and prevent recognition. Human viruses can exchange genes with the viruses of domestic animals

#17
Front (Question)

another name for viruses

Back (Answer)

virions

#18
Front (Question)

Influenza what is it caused by ? how is it spread?

Back (Answer)

caused by RNA viruses RNA viruses evolve rapidly so new strains replace old ones. spread by coughing and sneezing

#19
Front (Question)

info on viruses

Back (Answer)

-consists of genetic material -made from RNA or DNA - surrounded by protein coat that protects the genetic information