Week 1 Day 3 - Physics
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Is Q > 0 or is Q < 0 in an exothermic process?
Q < 0, energy flows out of system (system appears hotter) Q = energy put into the system (makes sense that value is less than 0 if energy is flowing out of the system)
What does pressure measure?
force per area pounds / square inch
In an endothermic process, is Q > 0 or is Q < 0?
Q > 0, energy flows into the system ( system appears colder than environment) Q = energy put into the system
What is heat?
process of energy transfer caused by a difference in temp
Density of H20
1 g/ml 1 ml of H20 has a mass of 1 g
When work is done on the system (by the surroundings), is W > 0 or is W < 0?
W > 0, compression W= work done on the system
scalar
have magnitude and units, but not direction
What is a manometer and how does it work?
used to measure pressure differences compares atmospheric pressure to unknown pressure U shaped tube, filled with a fluid of known density, the height difference of the fluid in the two arms indicates pressure difference
An object at rest or moving at constant speed in a straight line will continue in that state until a net external force acts upon it
Newton’s 1st law
weight
measure of force (weight); measured in N force = m * a weight = m * a weight = m * g, where g is the force of gravity (9.8m/s^2)
What is work?
result of a force acting through a distance you are not working if object doesn’t move or moves in the wrong direction W = Force (N) * d (m)
kinetic energy + potential energy =
the total energy of the system
aneroid bellow gauge
use expansion of bellows by pressure measure pressure without the use of fluid great for measuring low pressures i.e. BP
When the system is doing work (on the surroundings) , is W < 0 or is W > 0?
W < 0, expansion W=work done on the system
Units of work
N * m 1 N * m = 1 J (Joule) = 1 kg*m2/sec2
mass
amount of matter in an object resistance to acceleration measured in: kg
acceleration
change in velocity per time how velocity changes with each second of time measured: m/s2 (meters per second per second)
Which is the weakest fundamental force?
gravitational force the force between all matter holds earth in sun’s orbit and keeps you from floating away
1st law of thermodynamics
‘delta U’ = Q + W change in internal energy = energy put in the system (Q) + work done on the system (W)
It’s not possible to reach absolute zero
3rd law of thermodynamics
What is kinetic energy?
the energy a mass possesses by virtue of being in motion i.e. car going down the highway
velocity
change in location/change in time more detailed: displacement or change in location/ time interval over which the change takes place measured in: m/s
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
Newton’s 3rd law
T of F: Mass is a scalar.
True. Mass has magnitude and units, but no direction