EXAM 2

Stored primarily as muscle and liver glyc

Metabolism of glucose molecule to pyruvate or lactate to produce energy.

Formation of glucose-6-phosphate from noncarbohydrate sources (glycerol, pyruvate and lactate)

Breakdown of glycogen to glucose for use as energy

Conversion of glucose to glycogen for storage until needed.

Conversion of carbohydrates to fatty acids

Decomposition of fat

Insulin and Glucagon

Only hormone that decreases glucose levels- hypoglycemic agent

Responsible for increasing glucose levels- hyperglycemic agent

Inhibits insulin secretion

Primarily cortisol, decrease intestinal entry into cells and increases gluconeogenesis, liver glycogen, and lipolysis.

(Somatotropin) increases glycolysis and decreases cell entry.

Stimulate the release of cortisol

(T4) increases glycogenolysis, gluconeogensis, and intestinal absorption of glucose.

Inhibition of insulin, glucagon, growth hormone, and other hormones

Chemically stable conjugate of any form of hemoglobin with glucose`

Non-enzymatically to hemoglobin to form ketoamine; rate of formation directly proportional to plasma glucose concentration.