1. Atomic Structure & The Periodic Table
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How do you work out the mass number?
number of neutrons + number of protons
What happens when you get more electrons?
You get more shells
How do you work out the atomic number?
Number of protons = number of electrons
How do you work out the number of neutrons?
Mass number - Atomic Number
What are isotopes?
Atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons
What is the radius of an atom?
1x10m to the -10
What is the electronic configuration?
1st shell - 2 electrons 2nd shell - 8 electrons 3rd shell - 8 electrons 4th shell - 8 electrons
What do number of shells equal?
Period number
What do number of outer electrons equal?
Group number
Why are noble gases unreactive?
Because they have a full outer shell
Can noble gases form compounds?
No
What is a compound?
1 or more different types of atom that are chemically bonded
What is an atom?
The smallest part of any substance
What is an element?
Contains one type of atom
What is a molecule?
Contains 2 or more atoms chemically bonded together that are either the same or different
What is a mixture?
2 or more substances not chemically bonded together
What is an ionic compound?
contains metal and non-metal atoms
What is a covalent compound?
Contains only non metals
What are examples of sub-atomic particles?
Proton Neutron Electron Nucleus Shell (energy level)
What was the plum pudding theory?
The atom was imagined as a sphere of positive charge with negatively charged electrons dotted around in side
What state are noble gases as room temperature?
Colourless gases
What is the pattern of boiling point in noble gases?
The boiling point increases down the group due to stronger intermolecular forces that require more energy to overcome.
What does fizz show when an alkaline metal has reacted?
A gas has been given off
Equation for when an alkaline metal reacts with oxygen?
metal + oxygen -> metal oxide