reaction map
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what is the mechanism where a haloalkane is formed from an alkane?
free radical subsitution
what is the condition for free radical substitution?
UV light
what is the reagent for free radical substitution?
Cl2/Br2
what is the observation in free radical substitution?
orange to colourless
what are the stages for free radical substitution?
• initiation • propagation • termination
why is UV light needed to start a free radical substitution reaction?
it provides energy to break the bond between the halogens
define ‘free radical’
a species which has a single unpaired electron
what is the overall equation for free radical substitution between CH4 and Cl2?
CH4 + Cl2 -> CH3Cl + HCl
what is the initiation equation for CH4 and Cl2?
Cl2 -> 2Cl.
what are the propagation equations for CH4 and Cl2?
Cl. + CH4 -> HCl + .CH3 .CH3 + Cl2 -> CH3Cl.