Roots of Forensic Science
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T or F: Forensic science is a relatively new career
True
When was Forensic science first traced to?
1248 (China) - believed that post-mortem death could give information about how the death occurred.
What was Kin policing referred to as?
“Early clan life”
What was Kin policing?
All people were responsible for determining sanctions, and imposing violations that were absolute.
Who was responsible for punishing and apprehending criminals?
Kings, and Queens were appointed to punish and apprehend.
What type of punishment was kin policing organized into?
Serious offences: banishment and death Vs. Less serious offences: corporal punishment, and property transfer. • All criminals were branded/marked
When was the “Laws of Hammurabi” proposed?
Anceient Babylon (aprox 1700 BC) - One of the earliest and most complete written legal codes
How many rules did the Law of Hammurabi have?
282 rules, that were carried out by messengers.
T or F: The Romans adapted the first written laws
True
Who proposed the “12 Tables”
The Romans (3-5th century BC)
What did the 12 tables say/depict?
• Rights/responsibilities • Legal procedures • Property ownership • Punishment of crimes
“Quatores paradici” is a modern translation for what?
Police
Who was considered the first modern detective?
The Quastores paradici
The collapse of the Roman empire led to what?
Non-existent law enforcement as tools of social control
Within 3-5th century BC how were individuals tried?
• Trial by ordeal • Trial by combat • Trial by star chamber
T or F: 13th century EU powers developed structure of law
True
What were the two enforcement methods within the 13th century?
Hue and cry, and Watch/Ward
Hue and Cry:
Vocal cries alerted neighbours
Watch and Ward:
Guarding the city/village at night. - apprehended suspicious persons - A modern night watch
Who established the Bow street runners?
Henry Fielding (1750)
What were the Bow street runners?
“Thief runners” - Initially tasked with robbery charges - Only accepted a case if people could pay fees.
What was the first formal police force?
Bow Street runners
When was the first formal detective established?
1810, French Surete
Who established the French Surete?
Eugene Francois Vidoq