Acids, Bases and Salts
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Define acids.
proton donors
Define bases.
proton acceptors
What type of ions do aqueous solutions of acids contain?
H+ ions
H+ ions are found in aqueous solutions of ________.
acids
What type of ions do aqueous solutions of alkalis contain?
OH- ions
OH- ions are found in aqueous solutions of ________.
alkalis
What are alkalis?
soluble bases
What are bases, in terms of its molecule?
oxide/hydroxide of a metal
What colour does litmus turn in an acid?
red
What colour does thymolphthalein turn in an acid?
colourless
What colour does methyl orange turn in an acid?
red
What colour does phenolphthalein turn in an acid?
colourless
What colour does litmus turn in an alkali?
blue
What colour does thymolphthalein turn in an alkali?
blue
What colour does methyl orange turn in an alkali?
yellow
What colour does phenolphthalein turn in an alkali?
pink
What is formed when a metal reacts with an acid?
hydrogen and a salt
In what reaction is hydrogen and a salt formed?
between a metal and acid
What is formed when metal carbonates react with acids?
a salt, carbon dioxide and water
In what reaction are a salt, carbon dioxide and water formed?
between a metal carbonate and an acid
What is formed when a base reacts with ammonium salts?
a salt, water and ammonia gas
Define a strong acid.
an acid that is completely dissociated in aqueous solution
Define a weak acid.
an acid that is partially dissociated in aqueous solution
Is hydrochloric acid weak or strong? What is an equation that proves this?
strong HCl (aq) -> H+(aq) + Cl- (aq)