Endocrine Overview And Pituitary
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What are the two types of receptors hormones must bind to to trigger action?
Cell surface Intra cellular
What are the three types of hormones?
Steroids Amino acid analogues Small peptides, proteins, and glycoproteins
What does the activation of cell surface receptors stimulate production of ?
Second messengers
What are 4 examples of secondary messengers
cAMP DAG IP3 Calcium
What are the three binding domains on intra cellular receptors
Hormone binding region DNA binding region An amino terminal region
How do intra cellular receptors increase cell metabolism
Increase mRNA = increase in proteins
What is the largest collection of endocrine cells in the body
Gastroenterohepatic system
What connects the hypothalamus to the pituitary
Infundibulum
Where does the anterior lobe of the pituitary develop from
Oropharynx ectoderm (rathke’s pouch)
What are the three parts of the anterior pouch of the pituitary?
Pars distalis Pars intermedia Pars tuberalis
What does the posterior part of the pituitary develope from and where
Neural secretory tissue in the diencephalon
What are the parts of the posterior pituitary
Pars nervosa Infundibulum
What are the two arterial supplies of the pituitary
Superior hypophyseal arteries Inferior hypophyseal arteries
What does the superior hypophyseal arteries supply
Pars tuberalis Median eminance Infundibulum
What does the inferior hypophyseal arteries supply
Pars nervosa
Where does most of the blood from the pituitary drain into?
Cavernous sinus
What are the 6 hormones secreted from the anterior pituitary
**flat pg Follicle stimulating hormone (fsh) Lutinizing hormone (LH) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH ) Thyroid stimulating hormone (tsh ) Prolactin Growth hormone (gh)
Which of the anterior pituitary hormones are tropic?
*flat Fsh LH ACTH TSH
Which of the anterior pituitary hormones are not tropic
GH Prolactin
What are the 5 cell types in the anterior pituitary based on immunochemistry
Somatotropes Lactotropes Corticotropes Gonadotropes Thyrotropes
What do somatotropes produces
GH
What do lactotropes produce
Prolactin
What do corticotropes produce
ACTH POMC
What do gonadotropes produce
FSH LH