Crude Oil- Unit 7a
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Define hydrocarbon
A compound Made of carbon and hydrogen only
Define Alkane
Hydrocarbon with only single bonds Saturated
Define Alkene
Hydrocarbon with C=C double bonds Unsaturated
Define Crude Oil
Mixture of different lengethed hydrocarbons
Properties of long hydrocarbons
High MP and BP Thick (viscous) Liquid or solid
Properties of short hydrocarbons
Low MP and BP Runny (low viscosity) Gases
Name first five alkanes
Methane Ethane Propane Butane Pentane
Name first 4 alkenes
Ethene Propene Butene Pentene
Define Fractional distillation
Separating different length hydrocarbons Into fractions
Define cracking
Splitting up long chains into small chained hydrocarbons Makes an alkene and alkane
Define polymer
Adding small monomers together Long chains from short chains
What are the conditions for cracking?
Heat Over porous clay
Define hydrogenation
Adding hydrogen to a double bond makes a alkene into a alkane
Conditions for Hydrogenation
60 degrees Hydrogen Nickel Catalyst
Steps of fractional distillation
Heating Evaporation Separation Condensation Fractions
General formula for Alkanes
Cn H2n+2 This means double the carbons and add 2
General formula for Alkene
Cn H2n This means double the carbon to find the hydrogens
What does saturated mean?
Only contains single bonds
What does unsaturated mean?
Contains double bonds C=C
What does carbon neutral mean?
Carbon given out Same as carbon taken in No net carbon is added to the atmosphere