3.1.7 Oxidation, Reduction and Redox Equations
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What is oxidation?
• Loss of electrons • Gain of oxygen • (Loss of hydrogen)
What is reduction?
• Gain of electrons • Loss of oxygen • (Gain of hydrogen)
What is does an oxidising agent do?
Accepts electrons and gets reduced
What is does a reducing agent do?
Donates electrons and gets oxidised
What is a redox reaction?
When reduction and oxidation happen simultaneously
What do oxidation states tell you?
Charge on an ion or element or atom (Tells you total number of electrons element/compound has donated or accepted)
____ ______ show Oxidation States
Roman numerals
What is the oxidation state for uncombined elements (e.g. He)?
0
What is the oxidation state for elements bonded to identical atoms (e.g. O2, H2)?
0
What is the oxidation state for a simple monatomic ion (Na+)?
Same as its charge (e.g +1)
What is the overall oxidation state for compound ions?
The ion charge
What is the sum of oxidation states for a neutral compound?
0
What is the oxidation state for oxygen? & list the expections
• -2 oxidation state in its compounds • Expect in peroxides (compounds with the structure R−O−O−R) = -1 • & fluorides = +2
What is the oxidation state for hydrogen? & list the expections
• +1 oxidation state in its compounds • Expect in metal hydrides (hydrogen compounds bonded to metal) = -1
State the oxidation state of O in H2O
-2
State the oxidation state of O in H2O2
-1
State the oxidation state of H in HF
+1
State the oxidation state of H in NaH
-1
What is the oxidation state for fluorine?
-1
What is the oxidation state for aluminium?
+3
What is the oxidation state for carbon?
±4
Transition metals have a _____ ____ up to _
postive charge up to 7
State the oxidation state of Cl in Cl2O7
+7
State the oxidation state of Mn and O in MnO42-
Mn = +6 & O = -2