8.5 The effect of catalysts
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Why are catalysts used in industry
• increase rate of reactions • reduce energy costs
What is a catalyst
Changes rate of reaction but does not get used up in a reaction
Why do catalysts increase the rate of reaction
• Provide an alternative reaction pathway to products with lower activation energy than the reaction without the catalyst present • Higher proportion of the reactant particles have sufficient energy to react • Increases frequency of successful collisions
Examples of catalysts
gold, platinium, palladium
Why are catalysts better for the environment
• using high temperatures instead and pressures involve burning fossil fuels • operating at lower temperatures and pressures conserves these non-renewable resources • stops more carbon dioxide entering the atmosphere when they are burnt, combating climate change
how are catalysts ‘poisoned’ so they do not work anymore
impurities in the mixture combine with the catalyst and stop it working properly