Structure 1.2
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Atoms are almost entirely….
empty space
Nucleons
Protons and neutrons, they make up the nucleus
Protons
Charge of +1
Neutrons
Neutral charge
Electrons
Charge of -1
Formula for atomic mass
Atomic Mass= moles x (proton mass + electron mass), masses in kg
What does the difference in mass mean for the properties of isotopes?
Their physical properties such as melting and boiling points will differ
Nulcelon
The number of protons and neutrons of an atom
Isotope
Atoms with the same number of protons (atomic number) but different numbers of neutrons
Radioisotope
The unstable form of an element that emits radiation to transform into a more stable form.
Atomic Number (Z)
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Mass number (A)
The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
Relative atomic mass (Ar)
The weighted mean of the naturally occurring isotopes of an element, relative to 1/12 of a carbon atom.
What are mass spectrometers used for?
To find the relative amounts of naturally occurring isotopes in a sample of an element.
In shorthand notation for an atom/ion where is the atomic number
At the bottom
In shorthand notation for an atom/ion where is the mass number
At the top
Physical properties of isotopes
Different isotopes have different physical properties such as melting and boiling points due to the different numbers of neutrons.