Hydrocarbons : Alkanes 4.19-4.22
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4.19 What is the general formula for alkanes?
CnH2n+2
4.20 Why are alkanes saturated hydrocarbons?
Because alkanes only have single bonds between the carbon atoms - this means that alkanes are saturated.
4.21 How do you draw structural?
A structural displayed formula (also called a full structural formula) shows every single bond in the molecule as a line, and every atom is written out explicitly — nothing is hidden. Rules for drawing one: 1)Show all atoms — every C, H, O, N, etc. is written 2)Show all bonds — every single (—), double (=), or triple (≡) bond is drawn as a line 3)Carbon typically forms 4 bonds 4)Hydrogen forms 1 bond 5)Oxygen forms 2 bonds 6)Nitrogen forms 3 bonds
4.22 What is required for a reaction between an alkane and a halogen?
For the alkane and halogen to react, UV light is needed for the reaction to work.
4.22 What type of reaction is of an alkane and a halogen?
Substitution This is as the hydrogen is replaced by the halogen