1. energy transfer in ecosystems
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ecosystem
all organisms living (biotic) in a particular area and all non living (abiotic) conditions
biomass
chemical energy stored in a plant
measuring biomass
mass of carbon OR dry mass per area per time burn in calorimeter - heat given off = energy given off
GPP gross primary production
total amount of chemical energy converted from light energy by plants (given area, given time)
NPP net primary production
= GPP - R chemical energy in plant after respiratory loss (heat) available for growth and reproduction
how is 90% of the total available energy lost from producer to consumer (trophic levels)
• not all of food is eaten (bones/plant roots) • some parts indigestible so lost as faeces • some is lost to the environment through respiration or urine
net primary production of consumer
N= I - (F+R) I ingested F faeces / urine R respiration
calculating efficiency of energy transfer
net production / what they receive x 100