Exam 3: Vowels/Consonants
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predominantly carries power of speech
vowels
made relatively constriction free
vowels
relatively higher intensity
vowels
relatively shorter duration
consonants
predominantly carries speech intelligibility
consonants
relatively higher frequency
consonants
American English consonants are made with the following airstream
pulmonic
the three features that traditionally describe articulation of consonants are
place manner voice
voiceless plosive source/type
vocal tract aperiodic
voiceless fricative source/type
vocal tract aperiodic
voiced fricative source/type
vocal folds/vocal tract mixed
semivowel source/type
vocal folds periodic
voiced plosive source/type
vocal folds/vocal tract mixed
nasals source/type
vocal folds periodic
dipthong source/type
vocal folds periodic
vowels source/type
vocal folds periodic
enhanced frequencies originate in vocal tract
formants
sound wave with frequency that is a positive integer multiple of the fundamental frequency
harmonics
a band of frequencies in a sound spectrum that have a greater intensity
formants
the frequencies of these can be altered by changing the shape/tension of vocal folds and therefore the pitch being created
harmonics
these can be changed by changing the size and shape of vocal tract
formants
children’s fundamental frequency tend to be around
300 hz
t/f when producing a nasal, the velum is raised
false
t/f /a/ is considered a tense vowel
false