1 Biology - Cells

MRS NERG Movement - action that causes change in position/place Respiration - chemical reaction that breaks down nutrient molecules in living cells to release energy Sensitivity - ability to detect changes in the environment and to make responses Nutrition - taking in of nutrients which contain energy for growth and tissue repair Excretion - removal of waste products of metabolism Reproduction - processes that makes more of the same kind of organism Growth - permanent increase in size and mass by an increase in cell number or cell size

http://www.bbc.co.uk/staticarchive/f9468650f741d0b706b56c467eb28b4e02cef04d.gif

nucleus - both, contains DNA, contains coded instructions for controlling characteristics of cells cell membrane - controls entry/exit of substances cytoplasm - where most chemical reactions take place mitochondria - makes energy from sugar

cell wall - protects cell against damage, provides support, impermeable to water chloroplasts - contain chlorophyll for light absorption vacuole - Filled with cell sap to help keep the cell turgid

measured length _____________ = actual size magnification

donut-like shape increases surface area to absorb oxygen no nucleus allows for more space for oxygen to be carried contains HAEMOGLOBIN for oxygen transport

head contains nucleus + enzyme for letting into the egg body contains mitochondria for energy tail for moving carries male parent`s genetic information

long extension to increase surface area for absorption of minerals and water

large energy store for early replication active nucleus for replication hard cell membrane for protection carries female parent`s genetic information

contains powerful enzymes that digest bacteria

has cillia to trap and remove mucus and dust particles

elongated and transmits information from the nervous system to a muscle

contains many chloroplasts

transports sugars through the body of a plant

when the particles of a substance move from an area of high molecule concentration to an area of low molecule concentration due to random particle movement, until it is evenly spread out

1- deodorant spread in one corner of the room, the people nearest to it smelled it first but eventually the people further away were also able to smell 2- there was a cotton ball with ammonia (NH3) in one end of a test tube, and another with hydrochloric acid (HCl) on the other end. A white gas formed in the middle (ammonium chloride (NH4Cl)) 3- Potassium permanganate (pink liquid) put in cold water didn’t spread a lot but in warm water is spread a lot

diffusion of water molecules across permeable membrane

amount of water molecules in a a solution a solution with many water molecules has high water potential, a solution with few water molecules has low water potential

when a membrane is dividing two diff concentrations and one has a higher amount of glucose, for example, than the other, the side with more water will have some of its water go to the side that has more of the glucose so that it is equal

They gain water by osmosis through their roots. Water moves into plant cells by osmosis when the plant is stiff, it doesn’t have a lot of water when the plant is turgid, it has a lot of water

it keeps the cell from bursting if it has a lot of water, making the cell turgid animal cells don’t have a cell wall and they will burst if they have too much water