Feedback

• Continuous feedback from sensory system • Arises from proprioceptors –> located in muscles, ligaments & joints

• Always available • No delay • Movements altered immediatly • No relying on others • Adapt as you go • Good for autonomous –> have pre existing knowledge

Not good for cognitive - Don’t have kinaesthetic feel of skill - Can interpret skill incorrectly –> negative/detrimental impact on performance

• From external source (coach) • Leads to improved performance & motivation–> unless incorrect then performance deteriorates • Player can become dependant on it & not use intrinsic • Needs to be altered depending on –> activity & personality/ability of performer

• Development if coach knowledgeable & effective • Supports cog learners • Different angles / view points

• Harder to use concurrently • Does not encourage kinaesthetic awareness • Not always available (coach busy/missed skill) • If feedback poor/incorrect, performance affected & motivation decreases

• Extrinsic • Rewards performer • Praise / positive comment

• Strengthens SR bond • Reinforces skill learning • Motivating • Key for cog • Help build self-esteem & confidence

• If praise undeserved = build inappropriate SR bond –> performance may deteriorate • Might be unspecific • Some dont respond well to too much praise

• Criticism • Focused on poor aspects of performance or results

• More motivating for some • Provides area of improvement • Good for auton • Prevents drive reduction

• Can demotivate some • Reduces confidence in some • Doesn’t provide what was right • Not good for cog

Quality of performance Focused on technique Obtained through intrinsic & extrinsic

• Good for kinaesthetic sense • Good against strong opposition • Increases confidence and motivation

• Detrimental if inaccurate KoP • Some want outcome (win) • Can cause overload

Info about outcome Terminal / at the end Obtained extrinsically

• Motivation if results positive • Measurable and objective (win/lose) • Important for beginners (did it go in) and experts (must win for career)

• Results can demotivate if bad • Lack detail/info • Unrepresentative –> performed will but lost