Cells & Body Systems
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (24)
What are the 5 Structural Levels of Cell Organization?
• Chemical (atoms & molecules) • Cell (smallest independent living unit) • Tissue (cell groups w/similar function and structure) • Organ (Specific Function, may contain several tissue types) • System (many organs/tissues contributing to survival needs)
Function of Carbohydrates
Used for energy to drive chemical reactions of cells
Function of Proteins & Lipids
Building molecules for cells
Elements that a cell contains
• Plasma Membrane • Cytoplasm (cytosol & organelles) • Nucleus • Mitochondria • Ribosomes • Endoplasmic Reticulum (smooth/rough) • Golgi Apparatus • Lysosomes • Microfilaments & microtubules
Plasma Membrane
A lipid and protein layer that contains the parts of a cell, is semi-permeable and regulates the movement of materials in and out of the cell. Small molecules can pass but large ones cannot.
Organelles
Found inside the plasma membrane and cytosol. Structures with specific functions.
Nucleus
Largest organelle. Contains chromosomes (DNA & genes). Give organelles instructions of how to build the cell.
Mitochondria
Sausage shaped structures responsible for power to the cell and extracts energy from glucose and give off CO2.
Ribosomes
Small granular structures responsible for protein synthesis.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Interconnected membraneous canals. Rough - studded with ribosomes for protein synthesis Smooth - lipid & steroid hormone synthesis, drug detoxification
Golgi Apparatus
Membranous sacs. Processing & packaging of proteins.
Lysosomes
Vesicles containing enzymes, break down food and unwanted materials
Microfilaments
Support and maintain cell shape
Microtubules
Aid in movement of cell and organelles
Diffusion
Movement of cells from high to low concentrations.
Osmosis
Movement of water down a concentration gradient across a semi-permeable membrane.
Name the 12 major body systems
• Integumentary System (skin) • Cardiovascular System • Lymphatic System • Respiratory System • Skeletal System • Muscular System • Nervous System • Endocrine System • Digestive System • Urinary Sytem • Immune Sytem • Reproductive System
Integumentary System
Skin. Protects the body and prevents water loss.
Cardiovascular System
Transports nutrients, oxygen, and wastes.
Lymphatic System
Helps circulate body fluids and fights infection.
Respiratory System
Supplies oxygen and removes carbon dioxide.
Skeletal System
Provides body support, protection and movement.
Muscular System
Allows movement and helps produce heat.
Nervous System
Regulates body functions and allows self-awareness.