Chemistry // Module 3 // Enthalpy Changes
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What is the definition of an Endothermic Reaction and give an example?
Chemical system absorbs energy from the surroundings. Bonds are broken. Positive ΔH. Surrounding temperature decreases. E.g. Thermal Decomposition
What is the definition of an Exothermic Reaction and give an example?
Chemical system releases energy to the surroundings. Bonds are formed. Negative ΔH. Surrounding temperature increases. E.g. Combustion
What is the definition of Standard Enthalpy Change of Combustion (ΔHθC)?
When one mole of a substance reacts with oxygen under standard conditions, with all reactants and products in their standard states.
What is the definition of Standard Enthalpy Change of Formation (ΔHθF)?
When one mole of a compound is formed from its elements under standard conditions, with all reactants and products in their standard states.
What is the definition of Standard Enthalpy Change of Neutralisation (ΔHθneut)?
When one mole of water is formed in an acid base reaction under standard conditions, with all reactants and products in their standard states.
What is the definition of Activation Energy?
The minimum amount of energy needed for a chemical reaction to take place.
What are the Standard Conditions and what is meant by standard state?
Pressure- 100KPa Temperature- 298K Concentration Solution- 1 moldm^-3 Standard State - Physical State of a substance under standard conditions
What is the definition of Enthalpy Change?
Heat change in a reaction at constant pressure.
What is Average Bond Enthalpy?
Average energy required to break one mole of a particular type between two atoms in a gaseous state.