3. Tumor Markers
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Prostate tumor marker(s)
PSA
Non-cancerous reasons for AFP >1000 ug/L
Pregnancy
ALP is a tumor marker for these 3 types of cancer
Lung Liver Ovarian
Testicular tumor marker(s)
Beta-HCG AFP
Which germ cell tumor? High AFP
Yolk sac tumor
Ovarian tumor marker(s)
CEA CA 125 beta-HCG ALP AFP
AFP and HCG in teratoma
Both normal
Which germ cell tumor? High HCG
Choriocarcinoma
Lymphoproliferative disorders (MM, Waldenstrom’s lymphoma) is monitored by this tumor marker
B2-microglobulin
AFP and HCG in choriocarcinoma
AFP norm HCG increased
CA 15-3 is most useful for staging this type of cancer
Breast
Protease enzyme tumor marker
PSA
AFP and HCG in yolk sac tumor
AFP increased HCG norm
4 non-seminomas (type of germ cell tumor)
• Yolk sac tumor • Choriocarcinoma • Embryonal carcinoma • Teratoma
AFP is a tumor marker for these 2 types of cancer
Liver Ovarian
Stomach tumor marker(s)
CEA CA 19-9
Biomarker mainly used for colorectal cancer
CEA
AFP can be increased in those with what 3 conditions?
• Hepatocellular carcinoma • Germ cell carcinoma • Pregnancy
Breast tumor marker(s)
CEA CA 15-3
Lung tumor marker(s)
CEA ALP CA 19-9
Tumor made up of several different types of tissue
Teratoma
Useful for colorectal and pancreatic carcinomas
CA 19-9
Thyroid tumor marker(s)
Thyroglobulin
CA 19-9 can be used to diagnose which cancers?
• Lung • Liver • Stomach • Pancreatic • Colorectal