Mitosis Cell Cycle Notes
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As soon as a egg cell and sperm cell fuse, all cell division that allows that organism to grow and develop is what?
mitosis
When a cell divides it allows living organisms to do what?
repair damaged cells and grow!
Eurkaryotic cells that DO divide will undergo an organized sequence of events known as what?
cell cycle (mitosis)
Before cell division, mitosis, what occurs?
CELL REPLICATES all of its chromosomes! –> S-phase yk
What is made up of a chromsome? Parts of it?
Two identical SISTER CHROMATIDS that are connected in the middle by a CENTROMERE.
What is the first phase of the cell cycle?
Interphase
What phase does most of a cell’s time (90%) is spent in?
interphase
What are the three subphases of interphase?
G1, S, and G2.
What is G1?
where the cell carries out metabolic processes, grows, normal functions, etc.
What is S phase?
when the DNA replication occurs.
What is G2 phase?
cell prepares to divide
What is mitosis?
When the nucleus and replicated chromsomes divide and are evenly distributed to form two “daughter” nuclei
What are four main phases of mitosis?
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
What is cytokinesis?
Cytoplasm is finally divided and results in two identical diploid daughter cells
How many chromosomes are in humans?
a cell has a nucleus with 46 chromosomes (23 pairs!!)
What are the three cell cycle checkpoints?
G1, S or G2, and Mitosis Checkpoint
What is the G1 checkpoint?
before DNA is replicated, cell checks growth, checks size, nutrients, and DNA damage.
What G2 or S checkpoint?
checks cell size and if DNA replication was done properly
What is Mitosis Checkpoint?
cell checks to make sure chromosomes are ALIGNED correctly along the equator and that SPINDLES are attached.