kidney function test
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commonly used to monitor renal function a. bun b. creatinine c. bua d. gfr
creatinine • it is not affected by protein diet ; NOT EASILY REMOVED BY DIALYSIS • NOT REUSED by body’s metabolism, soley as waste product • COMMONLY USED TO MONITOR RENAL FUNCTION; AN INDEX OF OVERALL RENAL FUCNTION
used to evaluate fetal kidney maturity a. bun b. creatinine c. bua d. gfr
creatinine • it is not affected by protein diet ; NOT EASILY REMOVED BY DIALYSIS • NOT REUSED by body’s metabolism, soley as waste product • COMMONLY USED TO MONITOR RENAL FUNCTION; AN INDEX OF OVERALL RENAL FUCNTION • used to evaluate fetal kidney maturity
a 24 hour urine sample with _______ of creatinine indicates that some of the urine was probably discarded a. <0.4 g/ day b. >10g/day c. <0.8 g/day d. >8.0 g/day
a 24 hour urine sample with <0.8g/day of creatinine indicates that some of the urine was probably discarded
methods for creatinine that requires large sample in pre incubation a. Creatinine Aminohydrolase = Ck method b. creatinase - hydrogen peroxide method c. folin wu method d. kinetic jaffe method
CREATININE METHODS • ENZYMATIC METHOD a. Creatinine aminohydrolase - CK method • REQUIRES LARGE SAMPLE IN PRE INCUBATION ; NOT WIDELY USED b. Creatinase- hydrogen peroxide method • potential to replace Jaffe method (SPECIFIC THAN JAFFE) • Direct Jaffe method a. folin wu b. llyod or fuller • kinetic jaffe • IDMS
methods for creatinine that is specific and sensitive method a. Llyod or Fuller’s earth method b. creatinase - hydrogen peroxide method c. folin wu method d. kinetic jaffe method
CREATININE METHODS • ENZYMATIC METHOD a. Creatinine aminohydrolase - CK method b. Creatinase- hydrogen peroxide method’ • Direct Jaffe method a. folin wu • sensitive but NOT SPECIFIC b. llyod or fuller SENSITIVE AND SPECIFIC • kinetic jaffe • IDMS
SODIUM ALUMINUM SILICATE A. Llyod’s reagent B. Fuller’s earth reagent
Direct Jaffe method a. folin wu - sensitive but NOT SPECIFIC b. llyod or fuller SENSITIVE AND SPECIFIC adsorbent : Llyod’s reagent - SODIUM aluminum silicate Fuller’s earth reagent - aluminum Mg+ silicate (FM)
which of the ff is not decreased in creatinine a. decreased muscle muscle mass b. Myasthenia gravis c. pregnancy d. advanced and severe ilver disease
INCREASED serum creatinine (icmc) • Impaired renal function • Chronic nephritis • Congestive heart failure • muscular disease - MYASTHENIA GRAVIS , MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY DECREASED (DAPI) • Decreased muscle mass • inadequate urinary protein • pregnancy • advanced and severe liver disease
there is striking BUN level, slowly rising plasma creatinine, anemia and electrolyte imbalance a. pre renal azotemia b. post renal azotemia c. renal azotemia d. uremia
pre renal azotemia - decreased GFR , urea and creatinine , normal renal function renal azotemia - striking BUN level, slowly rising plasma creatinine, anemia and electrolyte imbalance post renal azotemia - urea is higher than creatinine
characterized by anemia (normo,normo) , uremic frost, generalized edema, foul breath and sweat in urine like a. azotemia b. post renal azotemia c. uremia
uremia • marked elevation in plasma urea and other nitrogenous waste products and acidemia and elec balance • characterized by anemia (normo,normo) , uremic frost, generalized edema, foul breath and sweat in urine like
conditions that is responsible for changes of Red cell shape with burr cells (echinocytes) and ellipsoidal cellls a. azotemia b. post renal azotemia c. uremia
uremia
how many uric acid is excreted daily a. 1.23 g b. 1 g c. 4.1 g d. 2 g
1g
measures the renal plasma flow a. PAH test b. PSP test c. concentration test
III. test measuring tubular dunction A. Excretion tests 1. Para amino hippurate test - measures RENAL PLASMA FLOW - rv: 600-700mL/ min • Phenolsulfonthalein dye test (PSP) - measures EXCRETION OF DYE PROPORTIONAL TO RENAL TUBULAR MASS - DOSE : 6MG OF PSP IS ADMINISTERED IV - RV: 1200 ML BLOOD FLOW/ MIN
it can detect renal damage that is not yet severe enough to cause elevated plasma urea and creatinine levels a. psp test b, concentration test c. SG d. osmolality
concentration test • reflects the function of the collecting tubules and loops of henle • assess the quantity of solutes present in urine • can detect renal damage that is not yet severe enough
normal ratio of urine osmolality to serum osmolality a. 20:1 b. 10:1 c. 2:2 d. 1:1
1:1
difference between measured and claculated plasma osmolality a. excretion b. osmolality c. osmol gap d. osmolal gap
osmolal gap • difference between measured and calculated plasma osmolality • > 12 mOsm/kg is significant seen in DKA, drug overdose and renal failure • sensitive indicator of alcohol and drug overdose