SLR 12
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One page in a website contains a hyperlink on an image. When the image stored as “ticket.png” is clicked, the user is hyperlinked to the page stored as “booking.htm”. Write the HTML code for this hyperlink.
<a><img></img></a>
Explain the difference between a HTML id attribute and a HTML class attribute
• Only one element can have a given id • Class can be used assigned to multiple elements
The HTML file is linked to the CSS file style.css. Text between h1 tags should be in the Arial font. The customer quote should be on a background with the colour E8C3E1. The intro text should be dark red. Write the code that should go in style.css to give this formatting.
h1{ font-family:Arial; } .customerQuote{ background-color: #E8C3E1; } #intro{ font-color: darkRed; }
The code between the script tags is supposed to display a different message during the shop’s opening hours of 09:00 and 17:00. State the name of the language used between the script tags.
JavaScript
The code between the script tags is supposed to display a different message during the shop’s opening hours of 09:00 and 17:00. Give one disadvantage of this code being run on client side rather than server side.
• won’t work if JavaScript is disabled • shows incorrect message if computer’s clock is wrong / different time zone • source code is visible allowing it to be copied
A website sells tickets for sporting events. The website uses HTML, CSS and JavaScript. Describe the purposes of HTML and CSS within the code of the website
• HTML defines the structure of a web page • HTML defines the content of a web page • Using tags (enclosed in <>) • CSS defines the style / appearance • Using selectors such as classes / IDs / etc • Can be placed within HTML or externally in a file • Multiple pieces of CSS can be combined (the more local instances overriding)
When users click to buy the tickets, the booking fee is calculated again on the server. Explain why server side processing is used to recalculate the booking fee.
• processing done away from the user’s control/Client side processing could be altered • Browser may not support client-side language/ scripting could be turned off • Booking fee calculation needs to be correct for all locations
Explain one advantage of client side processing to either the customer buying the tickets, or to company who own the website.
To the customer any 2x1: * No need to submit to server and wait for response * Website will work more quickly for user To the company any 2x1: * Reduces load on the server * Will need to spend less on processing power/bandwidth
Describe how a website is indexed by a search engine.
• Web crawler /spider visits site • Either be selecting it from an existing list or following a link. • Records information • …such as text / metatags / etc • Records the position of each word within the page • Storing them in an index • Follows links to other sites • Robots.txt file can be used to instruct web crawlers
State what is meant by the term ‘damping factor’.
• A value between 0 and 1 • Probability that a user will not follow a link
Give two other factors that affect the output value given by the PageRank algorithm for a website.
• Number of links to target site • PageRank score of those sites (linking inwards)
Write JavaScript code for the function errorCheck which: * checks the length of the password is between 8 and 12 characters (including 8 and 12) * displays the message “Password Length Error” in the HTML label tag identified by the id errorText if the length is not between 8 and 12 characters.
Discuss why search engine indexing and page ranking will be important in achieving this. You should include the following in your answer: * what search engine indexing means and what information is collected * what PageRank means and possible factors that can affect a PageRank score of a website * possible ways for the company to improve the PageRank score of pages on its website.
AO1 Search engine indexing: * Search engine indexing is where a database of key words is kept with links to relevant pages stored with the keyword * Words are stored along with their position on a page * Bots (spider/crawlers) will “crawl” the web finding web pages and looking for key words on them * The will navigate from page to page following hyperlinks * They are then sent back to the search engine’s database * When you search for a website, you are not searching on the web, you are searching in the search providers database PageRank: * Used to find and rank website pages and then list the results in a search engine. If a website has a higher score, it will appear higher in the list of search results. * More links from more important pages, ranks a page higher * Stored as a weighted, directed graph o Pages are nodes o Hyperlinks are edges in one direction o Weightings are calculated by page rank AO2 Application To get more of presence they will need to… * Make effective use of search providers database PageRank: * Used to find and rank website pages and then list the results in a search engine. If a website has a higher score, it will appear higher in the list of search results. * More links from more important pages, ranks a page higher * Stored as a weighted, directed graph o Pages are nodes o Hyperlinks are edges in one direction o Weightings are calculated by page rank AO3 Evaluation * PageRank algorithm is only one algorithm that is used to Rank websites. * To get a better presence on the internet, the company will need to consider who links to their page, the more popular the better * They could potentially work with other companies who have established websites and get incoming links from those sites * It’s important that a company ensures their site is malware free/secure as this can impact on their PageRank score
AO1 Discuss why search engine indexing and page ranking will be important in achieving this. You should include the following in your answer: * what search engine indexing means and what information is collected * what PageRank means and possible factors that can affect a PageRank score of a website * possible ways for the company to improve the PageRank score of pages on its website.
AO1 Search engine indexing: * Search engine indexing is where a database of key words is kept with links to relevant pages stored with the keyword * Words are stored along with their position on a page * Bots (spider/crawlers) will “crawl” the web finding web pages and looking for key words on them * The will navigate from page to page following hyperlinks * They are then sent back to the search engine’s database * When you search for a website, you are not searching on the web, you are searching in the search providers database PageRank: * Used to find and rank website pages and then list the results in a search engine. If a website has a higher score, it will appear higher in the list of search results. * More links from more important pages, ranks a page higher * Stored as a weighted, directed graph o Pages are nodes o Hyperlinks are edges in one direction o Weightings are calculated by page rank
AO3 Discuss why search engine indexing and page ranking will be important in achieving this. You should include the following in your answer: * what search engine indexing means and what information is collected * what PageRank means and possible factors that can affect a PageRank score of a website * possible ways for the company to improve the PageRank score of pages on its website.
AO3 Evaluation * PageRank algorithm is only one algorithm that is used to Rank websites. * To get a better presence on the internet, the company will need to consider who links to their page, the more popular the better * They could potentially work with other companies who have established websites and get incoming links from those sites * It’s important that a company ensures their site is malware free/secure as this can impact on their PageRank score
AO2 Discuss why search engine indexing and page ranking will be important in achieving this. You should include the following in your answer: * what search engine indexing means and what information is collected * what PageRank means and possible factors that can affect a PageRank score of a website * possible ways for the company to improve the PageRank score of pages on its website.
AO2 Application To get more of presence they will need to… * Make effective use of search providers database PageRank: * Used to find and rank website pages and then list the results in a search engine. If a website has a higher score, it will appear higher in the list of search results. * More links from more important pages, ranks a page higher * Stored as a weighted, directed graph o Pages are nodes o Hyperlinks are edges in one direction o Weightings are calculated by page rank