chapter 13 performance, technical & smart textiles

Moisture transport Waterproof, windproof, and breathability Thermal comfort

Textiles that have the ability to move moisture away from skin, and through next layer of clothing

keep dry in the rain. Breathability in waterproof material depends on: Structure Effect of Temperature and Humidity

The interaction of the garment and body’s temperature controlPrinciples of Fabric and Garment Insulation: Dead Air Wetness Resilience

Outerwear fabrics Down feathers Battings

Textiles engineered to meet special requirements Technical textiles market made up of organizational customers Sales of industrial fabrics based on specifications and performance tests

CORDURA nylon Kevlar fiber Nomex fiber Carbon fibers Sulfar fibers PBI fiber

There is protective gear for people in hazardous jobs Garment characteristics: Thermal resistance – flame and heat resistant Resistance to penetration – resistance to chemicals and biological organisms

Products made of textiles used in construction and civil engineering applications Nonwoven fabrics can be used for: Drainage Filtration Reinforcement Separation Protection Moisture Barrier

Many textile products are now developed for medical applications Medical textiles need biocompatibility with the human body

Narrow fabrics have experienced an upswing in usage Include both elastic and non-elastic materials Narrow fabrics include: Ribbons Safety belts for automobiles Medical bandages Labels Webbing for cargo control Carpet-edge tapes

Reflective materials are applied to the fabric surface Result is often a less fashionable garment Also makes it harder to clean Converting reflective material into yarn reduces both of these issues

Sound at high intensity and frequency Typically above the human hearing range Fabrics in ultrasonic bonding contain at least 65 percent thermoplastic fibers

Lots of opportunity for growth in industrial fabrics Specialty fabrics for protective clothing Specialty fibers in fiber optics

Industrial Fabrics Association International represents technical and industrial fabric manufacturers IFAI programs: Public relations for the industry Sponsorship of production Technical seminars Publication of market reports and periodicals

Considered the next step in the evolution of textiles respond, and adjust to: Pressure Temperature Electrical charge Chemical and biological agents

the science of manipulating molecular structures Manipulates fibers to be water and stain repellant Moving toward medical, automotive, and industrial applications

No agreed-upon terminology No agreed-upon protocols for toxicity Existing test methods may not be suitable for nanoscale devices No standardized protocols for evaluation environmental impact

Manufactured material consisting of polymers

Leather is the skin of an animal, bird, or reptile