2.4 Ions And Ionic Bonding
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What is an ionic bond
A strong Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in a crystal lattice
What are chemical bonds
Forces of attraction that brings ions,atoms and molecules together
What are the 3 main types of bonds
Ionic-m+nm Metallic-M+M Covalent-NM+NM
What do elements bond
To gain a full outer shell/A low energy state and therefore be more stable
How are full outer shells obtained
By oxidation(losing electrons)-cations (usually m) Or reduction(gaining of electrons)-anions(usually nm)
What ions does group 8 form
They dont as they already have a full,stable outer shell
What is a crystal lattice
A 3D arrangement of particles, atoms or ions that usually occurs between metal and non metal and involves the transfer of electrons where the metal donates its délocalisée electrons to the non metal to form an ion
What is the charge of an ionic crystal
Neutral
What is a giant lattice structure of ionic compounds
A regular arrangement of alternating positive and negative ions. (Neutral overall)
Name 5 properties of ionic compounds and reasons
• High MP+BO-strong electrostatic forces between ions • Solid ionic substances do not conduct- no free ions to carry charge • Molten substances do conduct- ions able to move freely and carry charge 4.soluble in water 5.crystals are brittle
Why can molten ionic substances conduct electricity
As the crystal lattice has been broken and ions are now able to move freely and carry charge