Quiz 4

refers to the number of sets of chromosomes found in a cell.

Have two sets of chromosomes in their cells; for every chromosome in the nucleus, there is another chromosome that is the same shape and size and carries the same genes.

Homologous chromosomes are chromosome pairs that are similar in length, gene position, and are joined at the centromere.

Only one of each type of chromosome in the nucleus(i.e. there is no homologous partner for each chromosome).

Number of chromosomes Human gametes are haploid so 2n=23

One of two or more versions of a gene

A dominant allele is the allele expressed when more than one allele is present.

An allele that is masked by a dominant allele when more that one allele is present.

An ordered list of cells it carries. (Aa, AA, AaBb).

Is the physical traits expressed by an organism. (Black Hair, Short).

Prophase- Prometaphase 1-Metaphase 1- Anaphase 1- Telophase 1. Interkinesis (Repeats for Meiosis 2)

Prophase- Prometaphase 1-Metaphase 1- Anaphase 1- Telophase 1. (Repeats for Meiosis 2)

-1st stage of meiosis. -Chromosomes condense -Homologous chromosomes pair up by a process called synapsis to form tetrads

2nd stage of meiosis -Nuclear envelope disintegrates -Spindles attach to centromeres

3rd stage of meiosis -Tetrads are lined up along the middle of the cell

4th stage of meiosis - Homologous chromosomes are separated and move to opposite poles of the cell by the spindle apparatus.

5th Stage of meiosis -Nuclear envelope reforms -Cytokinesis begins(by a cleavage furrow in animal cells or cell plate in plant cells) -Each daughter cell contains the haploid number of replicated chromosomes.

Separates replicated chromosome into single chromosomes

Meiosis occurs in diploid cells called sporocytes within reproductive organs called sporangia to form haploid spores.

Life cycle in plants that have distinct multicellular haploid and diploid stages. -The diploid generation(Sporophyte) produces haploid spores by meiosis within structures called sporangia. -Spores undergo meiosis to produce multicellular haploid gametophytes. -Within the gametophyte reproductive organs will produce gametes(sperm and eggs) by mitosis.

The diploid generation that produces haploid spores by meiosis within structures called sporangia.

A reproductive organ that will produce gametes(sperm and eggs) by mitosis.

Chiasmata -The location where two homologous chromosomes cross over Which is the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids.