1.1.3 Input, Output, Storage

• are hardware components that enable the user to input data or commands into the computer system [1] • which the computer then processes to produce output

• keyboard • mouse • microphone • webcam • Scanner • sensors • barcode readers • biometric devices

allows user to input text and commands by pressing keys

Allows user to navigate the computer screen, click on items etc.

Captures audio input which can be used for voice commands, recording audio or video conferencing.

Captures video input - often used for recording videos etc.

Digitalises physical documents/images converting them into a format that the computer can process

• Scans barcodes • typically used in retail and inventory management

• defect and respond to some type of input from the physical environment converting it to electrical signals that can be used as input within a computer system . • eg. Temperature sensor, pressure sensors, humidity sensors, biosensors

• hardware components that receive information from a computer system and present it to the user in a comprehensible form • they enable the computer to communicate the results of processed data or commands [1]

• speakers • printers • projector • monitor

Output sound from a computer

Produces a hard copy of digital documents or images/photos

Used to project video content from a computer onto a screen

• Displays visual output from the computer • this includes text images and videos

• are hardware components that store digital data within a computer system • there are 3 TYPES : • magnetic • optical • flash

• Store data by magnetizing particles on a disk or tape • use Read/write heads that contain electromagnets. • parts of the surface is either magnetised or demagnetised and the heads control this and read what state they are in • (1) magnetised • (0) demagnetised • hard drive can be used to store files and software

• high storage capacity • relatively low cost per GB/Mb • suitable for long term storage and back up • usually reliable

• Slower read and write speeds compared to other types • magnetic HDs are susceptible to physical damage due to moving parts ( if moved quickly due to the head coming into contact with the platter) [1] • requires more space to store moving parts [1]

• eg. CDs , DVDs, Blu-ray Disc • store data using a laser to burn pits onto the surface of the disc ( to write data) • read from and written to using lasers • to read the data laser light is shined on the disc, a pit scatter light (0) a land reflects light (1) • suitable for distributing music software, movies or backup of files

• durable and relatively immune to environmental conditions • thin and lightweight, easy to transport so portable • low cost per disc

• Lower storage capacity compared to other types • slower read/write speeds • can easily be scratched and damaged so not very durable

• eg. SSD, USB flash drives • can be erased and reprogrammed electronically • Uses memory chips • is not volatile • fast and compact • used to allow transport of materials between devices

• fast read/write speeds [1] • have no moving parts so less susceptible to physical shock and more durable [1] • requires less space due to no moving parts • highly portable