4.6 - Chemical analysis
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what is the test for hydrogen (H2)
squeaky pop test
what is the method of the test for hydrogen
• collect a sample of gas in a test tube • attempt to ignite the gas using a lit splint
what is the result of the test for hydrogen
squeaky pop sound
what is the chemical reaction that takes place in the test for hydrogen
the combustion of H2 to from H2O
what is the equation for the test for hydrogen
2H2 (g) + O2 (g) –> 2H2O (g)
what causes the pop sound in the hydrogen test
the hot gas rushing out of the test tube
what is the test for oxygen (O2)
glowing splint test
what is the method of the test for oxygen
• collect a sample of gas in a test tube • place a glowing splint into the test tube
what is the result of the test for oxygen
the splint relights
what is the chemical reaction that takes place in the test for oxygen
combustion of the wood in the splint
what causes the splint to relight in the test for oxygen
pure O2 is more concentrated than the O2 in normal air, meaning the wood in the splint combusts faster
what is the test for the presence of water (H2O)
copper sulfate test
what is the method of the test for the presence of H2O
add anhydrous copper sulfate (CuSO4)
what is the result of the test for the presence of H2O
it changes colour from white to blue
what is the test for the purity of H2O
measure its boiling point and compare it to 100 degrees C
what is the method of the test for the purity of H2O
heat it and measure its boiling point
what is the result of the test for the purity of H2O
the closer it is to 100 degrees C, the more pure it is
what is the test for carbon dioxide (CO2)
limewater test
what is the method of the test for carbon dioxide
bubble a sample of gas through limewater
what is the result of the test for carbon dioxide
a white precipitate forms - it turns cloudy
what type of solution is limewater
saturated calcium hydroxide solution Ca(OH)2
what is the precipitate that forms when limewater reacts with CO2
a white precipitate of calcium carbonate (CaCO3)
what is the equation for the test for carbon dioxide
Ca(OH)2 (aq) +CO2 (g) –> CaCO3 (s) + H2O (l)
what is the test for chlorine (Cl2)
damp blue litmus test