Resources - Facts
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State 4 ways how humans use resources
• Food • Shelter • Warmth • Transport
How are natural and synthetic resources different
Synthetic are man-made
Why are some resources synthetic
Cannot get enough of the resoruce naturally (rubber)
Define finite resource
Used faster than being replaced Finite resources include fossil fuels, while renewable resources include solar and wind energy.
Define renewable resource
Replaced faster or same rate as being used
Explain what sustainable development is
Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
Describe how glass is recycled
Glass is crushed, melted, and reformed
Give the 3 Rs of sustainable development
• Reduce • Reuse • Recycle
Describe how metals are recycled
Sorted, melted, recast
Give the 4 stages of a lifecycle assessment
• Raw materials • Manufacture • Use • Disposal
Define potable water
Water with low levels of dissolved salts and microbes, it is not pure
Explain the process of making potable water
• Select source • Filter to remove debris • Sterilise (chlorine or UV light) to destroy microbes
Describe 2 methods for removing salt from water
• Distillation • Reverse osmosis (use energy to push it through a membrane)
Describe how wastewater is treated
• Screen through mesh - to remove debris • Allow to seperate in sedimentation tank into liquid effluent and solid sludge • anaerobically digest sludge to methane gas / fertilisers • Aerobically digest liquid effluent and release back to water ways UV light can be used to treat industrial waste first
Define ore
Rock containing a high % of metal - usually a metal oxide
Explain how traditional mining damage the environment
Machines burn fossil fuels - release Carbon dioxide Explosives release dust - global dimming / noise pollution Digging - habitat destruction
Explain how phytomining works
• Sow seeds in low grade ore • Harvest the seed • Burn the plant to ash • React ash with acid to produce solution • Extract metal with displacement reaction or electroylsis
Explain how bioleaching works
• Mix bacteria with low grade ore • metabolism produces leachate (aq)
Give 3 environmental benefits of phytomining
• Reduces soil erosion • Minimizes habitat destruction • Lowers pollution levels • Conserves fuels • Carbon neutral
Define alloy
A mixture of metal with another element
Explain why high carbon steel is more brittle than low carbon steel
More carbon disrupts layer more, so harder for layers to slide
Explain why stainless steel is used in cutlery
It is resistant to corrosion
Give uses for aluminium alloy
• Aircraft manufacturing • Automotive components
State why gold is alloyed in jewellery
To improve strength and durability Pure gold is too soft for most jewelry applications.