Wk6- The Skeletal System

What are the 5 types of bones?

Class / shape of bones : Which bone type makes up the arms / legs/ hands / feet? They support torsional strength

Class/ shape of bones: Which bone type is small- cube like and make up the carpals / tarsals , wrists and ankles ?

Class / shape of bones : Which type of bone is thin and parallel in shape? Has a large surface area for protection and is found in the skull, scapula, ribs and sternum.

Class / shape of bones : Which bone type is complex in shape and found in the vertebrae and pelvis?

Class / shape of bones : Which bone type is found in the knee/ patella, hands and feet where the tendon overlaps the joint?

Long bone structure The tubular shaft is called the ? It is made of very strong ,- bone? The nerve and blood supply is through a central - It has a marrow cavity .The bone marrow is - colour?

Structure long bone The enlarged, rounded end is called an -? It is made of - bone The bone marrow is - in colour The marrow receives nutrients & oxygen via - blood cells

Structure of all bones A spongey bone sand which - bone layer in between 2 layers of thin, hard - bone

Bone / osseous tissue: Is a - tissue It has an extra - matrix (E-M) 65% inorganic hydroxy- -5% organic - fibres

Bone cells: Bones are a dynamic tissue continually degenerating and re generating Osteo- build bone Osteo- are the mature bone cells Osteo- break down bones O? = functional unit Bone Adaptation to stress (weightlifting) builds bone ? Electrical activity produced by bone minerals is detected by osteo? Osteo? migrate to the area of activity and produce new bone.

Loss of bone mineral density: Loss of BMD due to ageing is - Bones grow - and thinner The osteo- activity decreases while the osteo- activity remains the same Between -0 and -0 years degeneration begins Females lose - % / decade Males lose - % / decade Loss of bone density beyond functional threshold is called ?

Cortical/ Compact bone : Is dense and resists - Is made of functional , cylindrical units called- A - canal carries blood and nerve supply Runs along the same / p? axis of the bone

Cancellous bone: Resists - directional forces Is NOT made of osteons but beams of bones called - It has a central canal - true / false Receives nutrients from bone -

The Axial skeleton: Consists of -0 bones Includes the; skull H? auditory - - column - cage

The Appendicular skeleton: Consists of 1-- bones Pectorial girdle - limbs - girdle - limbs Used for movement

The skull : Cranial bones = ? Facial bones = ?

The thoracic cage: St? and ribs True ribs = 1-? False ribs = ? - 12 ? ribs = 11-12

Pectoral girdle and upper limb: Pectoral girdle = c? , sc? Upper limb (arm) from top down Arm = hu? Forearm= ul? , ra? Wrist and hand= carpal bones, m? bones, ph?

Bones of the hand: Thumbs= ? Fingers = ? Knuckles/ connecting fingers to hand=? Hand = ?

Pelvic girdle: P? bone = butterfly shaped Sac? = heart shaped base of spinal column

Lower limbs: F?= upper leg P? = Knee cap T? and f? = lower leg , f= thinner and outside/lateral to t?

Bones of the feet: Similar to bones of the hands T? Meta? Ph? Hal? = big toe