Basic String Manipulation
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String Manipulation
• The process of being able to adopt or edit a string. • We might do this in a program so that: • we can ensure what the user has to enter is both easy for the user to understand and is also: • then in the format we require it to be in.
String Concentation definition
• Simply refers to the process of bringing together (concatenating) two or more strings.
String Concatenation Example: - In Python this is done using a +. - In the example below we are requesting the user input their date of birth. - First they input their date, then month, then year. - We are storing each of these as strings
• day = str(input(“Enter the day of your DOB - “)) • month = str(input(“Enter the month of your DOB - “)) • year = str(input(“Enter the year of your DOB - “)) • DOB = day + month + year • print(DOB)
Splitting Strings at specific characters - - Most often, when people enter their date of birth, they enter it by separating the different parts with a forward slash (/). - In the example below, we are requesting the user enter their date of birth, separating each part with a /. - We are then splitting this string up at each point where the user enters a /, and in this case storing each new string in a new variable:
• DOB = input(“Please enter your DOB in the format DD/MM/YYYY - “) • day, month, year = DOB.split(“/“) • print(day) • print(month) • print(year) • Here we are requesting the user enter their DOB in the specified format. • You will notice we haven’t put str before the input. • If we don’t specify what data type we want to use when getting input, Python will automatically store it as a string.
Splitting At Specific Characters when you don’t know how many variables you need: • We can store the new split strings inside a list. • This means we have an open amount to store, and it doesn’t matter how much the user inputs. • In the example below we are asking the user to enter their favourite words, separated by a space. • In this case we don’t know how many words they might input:
• words = input(“Please enter your favourite words separated by a space - “) • list_of_words = words.split(“ “) print(list_of_words)
Splitting At Every Character: • To do this, rather than using .split, we use the list function. • This will create a list from the split string. • Let’s take the example of creating a password. • In the example below we are asking the user to enter a word that is memorable to them. • We are then going to split it at each individual character, and store each character in its own place in a list:
• word = input(“Enter a memorable word - “) • list_of_letters = list(word) • print(list_of_letters)