Lecture 4

involves a social division that separates people who can be distinguished from one another in terms of social-structural characteristics (occupation, statues, religion, ethnicity). It cannot be defined at the political level alone. The groups in a division must be conscious of their collective identity (e.g. as a worker or American) and be willing to act on this basis. It must be expressed in organizational terms - sometimes occurs as the result of a union or church or something that gives formal expression to the interests of those in the division.

1 center/periphery 2 church/state 3 rural/urban 4 class cleavage (owner/worker)