Sound
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What are the two components of sound?
• displacement component: molecule displacement - pressure component: molecule compression
Why is sound pressure level important?
• different animals have different thresholds • humans is at 20db • must use animals threshold for accurate experiment
What causes a sound to be louder?
• greater membrane movement = greater amplitude - greater amplitude = louder
What causes a high pitch?
• greater frequency of membrane movement
How is wavelength found?
• plotting distance vs pressure and measuring from peak to peak • wavelength (lambda) (m) = speed of sound in medium (m/s)/ frequency(s-1)
What component of sound is most important for propagation?
• propagation occurs by chain reaction of molecules • displacement dissipates quickly • pressure can be detected over long distances
What causes a reduction in pressure as sound travels?
• spherical spreading: must cover more space - can also be reflected, diffracted, absorbed and transmitted
How do light and sound compare?
• both use wavelength and frequency ad exhibit ability to be diffracted, reflected.. • light is described by wavelength and is an electromagnetic wavelength • sound is described by frequency and is a mechanical wave
What happens to an echo when different sized objects produce them?
• large object (bigger than wavelength) will produce strong echo • small object (smaller than wavelength) will produce no echo • an object slightly greater than one wavelength will produce echo and sound shadow