Quiz #13
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What is runoff?
Water that moves over Earth’s surface without soaking in
What factors affect runoff?
Amount of rain, type of soil, vegetation, shape of the land, how people use the land
Why do streams/rivers change over time?
Water is faster on the outside of a curve, causing erosion and pushing the outer bank of the curve farther and farther out, until an oxbow lake is formed
Rill
Small crack in Earth’s surface
Gully
Rill that was eroded and became bigger
Stream
Gully that was filled with water
What are some features that rivers can form through erosion?
Waterfalls, oxbow lakes, meanders
What are some features that rivers can form through deposition?
Deltas, alluvial fans
Is erosion worse in a river in the inner or outer curve?
Outer because water goes faster on the outside so it erodes the side instead of depositing the sediment
Delta
Deposit of sediment where a river meets a larger body water; triangle shape
Alluvial fan
Deposit of sediment where a stream leaves a mountain; fan shape
Do larger or smaller particles settle faster?
Larger
How does a waterfall form?
A river meets a hard rock that it can’t erode, then softer rock that does erode and eventually gives out, creating a drop off
Meander
Bend in a river, a curve
Oxbow lake
Meander that was cut off from the rest of the river