Joints
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What is a joint
A union between 2 or more rigid components (bone or cartilage)
Why are joints needed?
For growth and movement
Name the 3 structural classes of joints
Fibrous Cartilaginous Synovial
What makes up fibrous joints
Dense fibrous connective tissue of high tensile strength
Describe movement of fibrous joints
Movement in children (flexible properties). Little movement in adults.
Name two types of fibrous joint
Syndesmosis and gomphosis
Name the two types of cartilaginous joints
Synchondroses (primary) Symphyses (secondary)
What is the difference between primary and secondary cartilaginous joints?
Primary contain only one type of cartilage, secondary contain two.
Explain the purpose of synchondroses?
Allow for bone growth but not movement . Disappears in adults (Hyaline cartilage between femur and articular cartilage)
Discuss symphyses
They do not ossify with age They are found in the midline of the body (between 2 vertebrae) They allow for limited movement
Explain the features of synovial joints
They have the greatest movement out of the 3 structural classes of joints Common features include: synovial fluid, synovial cavity, synovial membrane, fibrous capsule articular cartilage articular disc ligaments bursae
State Hilton’s Law
The nerve supplying a muscle that crosses a certain joint, also innervates this joint