Chapter 8

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

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Front (Question)

addition reactions are when with one _______ bond is broken and 2 new _________ bonds are formed

Back (Answer)

pi, sigma

Front (Question)

addition reactions are the inverse of what type of reaction?

Back (Answer)

elimination

Front (Question)

Markovnikov’s Rule

Back (Answer)

predicts that the carbocation will always form on the most stable carbon

Front (Question)

hydrohalogenation

Back (Answer)

• H-X • creates a carbocation intermediate • produces an alkyl halide

Front (Question)

maokovnikov or anti-maokovnikov: hydrohalogenation

Back (Answer)

markovinivok

Front (Question)

what type of intermediate does an HBr and ROOR (hydrohalogenation) reaction have?

Back (Answer)

radical

Front (Question)

maokovnikov or anti-maokovnikov: HBr/ROOR (hydrohalogenation)

Back (Answer)

anti-markovnikov

Front (Question)

acid-catalyzed hydration

Back (Answer)

• H2O/H2SO4 • intermediate = carbocation • product = alcohol

Front (Question)

maokovnikov or anti-maokovnikov: acid-catalyzed hydration

Back (Answer)

mark

#10

Front (Question)

oxymercuration-reduction

Back (Answer)

• Hg(OAC)2, H2O / NaBH4, NaOH • intermediate = bridged ion • product = alcohol

#11

Front (Question)

maokovnikov or anti-maokovnikov: oxymercuration-reduction

Back (Answer)

mark

#12

Front (Question)

hydroboration-oxidation

Back (Answer)

• BH3 (or other B) / H2O2, NaOH • stereochemistry = syn addition • product = alcohol

#13

Front (Question)

syn addition

Back (Answer)

cis products

#14

Front (Question)

maokovnikov or anti-maokovnikov: hydrobromination-oxidation

Back (Answer)

anti-mark (OH in least stable position)

#15

Front (Question)

hydrogenation

Back (Answer)

• H2 / Ni, Pt, (or some type of metal catalyst) • stereochemistry = syn addition • product = alkenes HYDROGEN IS JUST ADDED TO MAKE THE CARBONS HAPPY AND HAVE NO DOUBLE BONDS OR IONS

#16

Front (Question)

maokovnikov or anti-maokovnikov: hydrogenation

Back (Answer)

N/A (adding the same thing - hydrogens)

#17

Front (Question)

halogenation

Back (Answer)

• X2 • intermediate = bridged ion • stereochemistry = anti • product = vicinal dihalides

#18

Front (Question)

vicinal

Back (Answer)

next to each other in the molecule (1,2)

#19

Front (Question)

maokovnikov or anti-maokovnikov: halogenation

Back (Answer)

N/A (adding the same thing - halides)

#20

Front (Question)

halohydrin

Back (Answer)

• X2 / H2O • intermediate = bridged ion • stereochemistry = anti • product = halohydrin

#21

Front (Question)

maokovnikov or anti-maokovnikov: halohydrin

Back (Answer)

mark

#22

Front (Question)

cyclopropanation uses what intermediates?

Back (Answer)

cabene or carbenoid

#23

Front (Question)

Carbenes are reactive intermediates. They are unstable because they violate the _________________

Back (Answer)

octet rule

#24

Front (Question)

4 methods commonly used to introduce carbene intermediates

Back (Answer)

• CH2 • CHCl3 / tert-butoxide • N=N-CH2 / hv • CH2I2 / Zn(Cu)