13.1 Properties Of The Alkenes
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What type of hydrocarbons are alkenes?
Unsaturated
What is the key feature of alkenes?
They contain at least one C=C bond.
What is the general formula for aliphatic alkenes that contain one double bond?
Cn H2n
What happens to the electrons in each carbon atom of the double bond?
• 3 of the four electrons are used in 3 sigma bonds, one to the other carbon atom of the double bond, and the 2 other electrons to two other atoms • This leaves one electron not involved in sigma bonds
What is a Pi bond formed by?
The sideways overlap of two p-orbitals, one from each carbon atom of the double bond.
Where is the electron density concentrated in a Pi-bond?
Above and below the line joining the nuclei of the bonding atoms
What does the Pi bond do to the 2 carbon atoms in the double bond?
Locks the two carbon atoms in position, and prevents them from rotating around the double bond.
How do Pi bonds separate alkenes from alkenes?
• The Pi bonds between two carbons lock them into position, and prevents them from rotating around the double bond. • Making rotation around every atom impossible, and is what separates alkenes from alkanes.
What is the shape around each of the carbon atoms in the double bond?
Trigonal planar.