digestion
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Describe how and why you feel hungry
Ghrelin, a hormone that is released from the stomach is sent to the brain making you feel hungry
What is the long tube that makes up the digestion system called?
Alimentary Canal
Food travels down the alimentary canal using a process called peristalsis. How does this work?
Involuntary wave like muscle contractions in the digestive tract pushes food down the alimentary canal
What does ‘digestion’ mean?
Digestion is a process that turns the food into smaller and simpler molecules
What are the two types of digestion?
Chemical and Mechanical
Define Mechanical Digestion
Physically breaking down food
Define Chemical Digestion
The process where enzymes and acid break down food
Define Enzyme
A protein produced by a living organism that helps speed up digestion by breaking down food
Whats another term for mouth?
Oral Cavity
Describe mechanical digestion in the oral cavity
Use your teeth to chew the food and break it down into smaller pieces
Describe chemical digestion in the oral cavity
Enzymes in your saliva break down starches in your food
Chemical digestion in the mouth is assisted by what enzyme?
Salivary amylase
What does the salivary amylase enzyme do?
Breaks down starch
What is the tongue’s job?
Allows you to taste food, swallow, and break down food
What connects the mouth to the stomach?
esophagus
What directs food to the stomach and prevents it from entering the lower respiratory tract?
Epiglottis
The stomach is a large muscular bag that can expand to store food. How much food can the stomach stretch to store?
1 quart
Approximately how long does food stay the stomach?
2-6 hours
Describe mechanical digestion of the stomach
Churning motions in the stomach break down food
Describe chemical digestion of the stomach
Acids and enzymes break down food
When the stomach has finished its job the food is now in a liquid goo form called…?
Chyme
Approximately how long is the small intestine?
22 feet
Approximately how long does food stay in the small intestine?
5-6 hours
What does the pancreas do?
Produces enzymes