Histology
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what are the 3 types of cell-cell connections
Gap junctions Tight junctions Desmosomes
Gap junctions
Hollow protein channels that allow for cell-cell communication
Tight junction
Interlocking proteins that form a leak-proof barrier
Desmosomes
Sticky glycoprotiens that adhere cells together for structural purposes
How are tissues classified?
Cell structure cell function extracellular matrix
What are the 4 primary tissue types
Epithelial Connective Muscle Nervous
What are the characteristics of epithelium
No extra cellular matrix Polar (different surface) Basal surface Attached to basal surface Avasucular & innervated Regenerating: stem cells continually divide to replace surface epithelial cells Sheets/Layers
What are the surfaces of epithelium?
Apical Lateral Basal
Simple squamous
Function: Diffusion Location: -blood & lymph vessles -Lung alveoli -Kidney tubules -Serous membranes
Stratified Squamous
Function: protection against abrasion, barrier for water loss/infection Location: -Skin (skin) -Throat, Anus, Vagina (non keratinized)
Simple cubodial
Function: Secretion and absorption Location: -Kidney tubules -Glands/ducts
Stratified Cuboidal
Function: Secretion, absorption, proctection Location: -Ducts of sweat glands and salivary glands
Simple columnar
Secretion (stomach, intestine) Absorption (intestine) Movement (ciliated cells in bronchioles)
Stratified Columnar
Function: Protection, secretion Location: -Larynx -Mammary gland duct -Male urethra
Pseudostratified Columnar
Function: -Secretion -Absorption -Protection Location: -Nasal cavity and sinuses -Bronchi of lungs -Trachea
Transitional Epithelium
Function: -expansion and recoil Location -Bladder -Ureters
What does exocrine glandular epithelium do?
Releases secretions via ducts
What does endocrine glandular epithelium do?
Ductless, release secretions into blood
Whats an example of a unicellular exocrine glands
Goblet cell
What are the two types of multicellular exocrine glands?
Simple (ducts have no branches) Compound (ducts have branches)
How are the shapes of multicellular exocrine glands specified?
Tubular Alveolar
What are the modes of secretion for multicellular exocrine glands?
Merocrine Apocrine Holocrine
Merocrine
Secrete products by exocytosis
Apocrine
Secretions accumulate near cell surface, pinched off to release product and some cytoplasm