Properties of Period 3 Elements and their Oxides
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Na or Mg, which is more reactive?
Na (G1) is more reactive than Mg (G2).
what do Na and Mg form when they lose electrons?
Na+ and Mg+
why is Na more reactive than Mg?
Sodium is more reactive than Magnesium as the amount of energy required to remove an electron from Sodium is lower than it is to remove 2 with Magnesium. More energy is required for Magnesium to react
what happens to Sodium as it reacts with cold water?
yellow flame sodium melts universal indicator (goes from green -purple) effervocense the gas produced is H2 alkaline solution of Sodium hydroxide
what is the test for hydorgen?
the test for H2 is the squeaky pop test
write the equation for when Na reacts with cold water?
2Na (s) + 2H2O (l) –> 2NaOH (aq) + H2 (g)
what happens to Magnesium as it reacts with cold water?
Magnesium reacts slowly with cold water forming a weak alkaline solution of magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2). -this is a weak alkaline solution as magnesium hydroxide is sparingly soluble so there are little OH- ions in solution.
write the equation for the reaction between Mg and cold water?
Mg (s) + 2H2O (l) –> Mg(OH)2 (aq) + H2 (g)
describe the reaction between Mg and steam?
Magnesium reacts much faster with steam forming a magnesium oxide (MgO)
write the equation for the reaction between Mg and steam?
Mg (s) + H2O (g) –> MgO (s) + H2 (g)
what happens to P3 elements when they react with oxygen?
they form oxides
what is the exception for the element in P3 that doesn’t form an oxide?
Sulfur
what does Sulfur form when it reacts with oxygen?
it forms SO2 (oxidation number +4) . With a higher temperature and catalyst SO3 can be made (oxidation number +6)
write an equation for the reaction between sodium and oxygen
2na (s) + 1/2 O2 (g) –> 2Na2O (s) sodium oxide
write an equation for the reaction between magnesium and oxygen
Mg (s) + 0.5 O2 (g) –> MgO (s) magnesium oxide
write an equation for the reaction between aluminium and oxygen
2Al (s) + 1.5 O2 (g) –> Al2O3 (s) aluminium oxide
write an equation for the reaction between silicon and oxygen
Si (s) + O2 (g) –> SiO2 (s) silicon dioxide
write an equation for the reaction between phosphorus and oxygen
P4 (s) + 5O2 (g) –> P4O10 (s) phosphorus (V) oxide
write an equation for the reaction between sulfur and oxygen?
S (s) + O2 (g) –> SO2 (g) sulfur dioxide
how does Na2O react with air?
very fast
how does MgO react with air?
very fast
how does Al2O3 react with air?
slow (fats if powered because of the large SA)
how does SiO2 react with air?
slow
how does P4O10 react with air?
spontaneously combusts