Animal Behavior
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intro to ethology
the study of animal behavior helps w/: safe handling facility design indicating stress/ disease collection of products temperament assessment
livestock behavior
helps w/ health reproduction digestion product quality
comparative psychology
the study of basic mechanism controlling behavior learning sensation and perception
sociobiology
the study of the biological basis for social behavior evolutionary advantages male lion cub killing
ethology
stud of behavior in natural environment instinctive or innate behavior
behavioral ecology
relationships btwn behavior and environment
fundamental premises of animal behavior evolution
certain behavioral traits inherited inherited behavioral traits have been maintained and sharpened by natural selection
applied ethology
study of domestic animal behavior *temple grandin
physical welfare freedoms
• freedom from thirst hunger malnutrition • freedom from discomfort • freedom from pain injury and disease
mental welfare freedoms
• freedom from fear and distress 5. freedom to express normal behavior
physiological welfare measurements
serum cortisol levels produced by adrenal gland in stress response
behavioral welfare observations
excessive tail switching or mooing in cattle dogs growling or shivering in fear ear position
stereotypes
abnormal, repetitive, seemingly pointless behaviors
modes of animal perception
auditory olfactory tactile taste visual
communication auditory
sheep and cattle hear higher frequencies so can dogs/ cats - ultrasonic pitches some species have independent ear movement
olfactory communication
especially important to domesticate animals allow message transmission in absence of sender individual oder recognition pheromone release dogs 100x more sensitive to smell
pheromone
secreted or excreted chemical factor that triggers a social response in members of the same species
flehman response
allows animals to detect scents or pheromones in fluids for example from urine seen in ungulates and felids due to vomeronasal organ
vomeronasal organ
detects water soluble pheromones located in the ventral nasal septum often detects estrus
tactile
touch studies in licking
taste
sweet, sour, salt, bitter, umami bitter: avoid toxins/contaminated feed sweet: glucose = energy salt: only mineral an animal will seek when deficient
vision
different animals have different visual fields humans see color well dogs have weaker vision that is better @ night and at motion detection postural signals -lordosis - visual posture of heat -play bow -agression -innate species behavior in dogs
lordosis
visual posture of heat
factors of flight zone size
age breed health previous experience presence of herd members - safety in #s