the immune system
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what is the key role of the immune system
It protects your body from harmful substances, germs and cell changes that could make you ill.
What is the first line of defence
The 1st line of defence includes chemical and physical barriers, and their main purpose is to stop all pathogens from entering the body. This line is non-specific and does not attack or defend differently against different pathogens.
examples of the first line of defense
skin, tears, sweat, stomach acid, saliva and mucus.
what is the second line of defence
The second line of defence is made up of proteins and cells that attack invaders. This line of defence is also non-specific and cellular and molecular responses are the same for every infection.
what happens in the second line of defense
The second line of defence includes inflammatory response as well as Phagocytic leukocytes migrating to infection sites to engulf foreign bodies. The second line of defence also includes antimicrobial proteins regulating immune activity within the body.
what is the third line of defense
The third line of defence is specific, meaning the response for each infection changes. It involves t and b cells (both lymphocytes)The third line of defence also has a memory, meaning when that same antigen enters the body, it will be remembered, and antibodies can be created quicker.
what does a t cell do
a t cell (a type of lymphocyte) alerts a b cell (a type of lymphocyte) that there is invading antigens. when antibodies are made, the t cells can easily kill them.
what does a b cell do
a b cell then produces a specific antibody which latches onto the antigens, disabling them
how are pathogens remembered
memory cells are formed