The Earth’s structure
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Name the 4 parts of the earth’s structure
• Crust • Mantle • Outer core • Inner core
What 2 components make up minerals in the earth’s crust?
• Elements • Compounds
What do minerals make up in the earth’s crust?
• Rocks
What do elements contain?
Silicon and Oxygen.
What do compounds contain?
Silicon dioxide.
What do minerals contain?
Quartz.
What do rocks contain?
Granite.
Where are the tectonic plates?
They are a crack in the crust and the upper part of the mantle.
What happens when tectonic plates rub against each other?
They cause earthquakes and volcanoes.
Do tectonic plates move quickly or slowly?
They move slowly at around 3-4cm per year.
How many types of rocks are there?
Three 1. Igneous 2. Sedentary 3. Metamorphic
How are igneous rocks formed?
When magma cools from volcanic eruptions.
Why do the sizes of crystals in igneous rocks vary?
When the magma takes more time to cool.
Name an example of intrusive and extrusive rock.
Intrusive= granite Extrusive= basalt
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
When layers of sediment pile on top of each other over millions of years.
How are the layers of sedentary rocks held together?
They are cemented together with a tun of pressure.
What type of rock can you find fossils in?
Sedimentary rock.
What are some examples of sedentary rock?
Limestone, chalk, sandstone.
What are metamorphic rocks?
They are the result of heat and increased pressure.