Chapter 4
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What is nutrition?
The relationship between body and food
First experiment of nutrition
Book of Daniel
What experiment was conducted in the Book of Daniel
Daniel refused to eat King’s food instead he ate vegetables and had more energy than those soldiers that ate King’s high in fat food
Hippocrates recognized what
That children need more food than adults and that children have a higher BMR
What did Lavosier develop
Estimated heat involved in carbon dioxide and that a calorie is equal to substance
Magendie discovered what?
An animal can not survive on one component of food
When was the vitamin breakthrough
1880s
What was the first record of vitamin deficiency
Dutch soldiers complained of weakened legs, shortness of breath, edema, and heart failure
Eijkman’s experiment led to the discovery of what vitamin
Thaimine (B1)
Babcock was credited with the first studies of what vitamin
Vitamin A
Define nutrition
Use of food or feed consumed, metabolized, assimilated, and waste products eliminated
What are the functions of nutrition
Supports growth, tissue maintenance and repair, and extension of products
Any chemical element or compound in a diet that supports maintenance of life is what?
Nutrition
What are the six nutrients
Water, vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, protein, lipids
What is an essential nutrient
It is indispensable; body doesn’t make enough
What is a nonessential nutrient
it is dispensable
The functions of a nutrient
Structural components, sources of energy, regulatory functions
What nutrient does not have a class of being essential or nonessential
Carbohydrates
What is the function of energy
Function of the carbon skeleton
Protein is equal to what Kcal/g
4
Carbohydrates is equal to what Kcal/g
4
Lipids is equal to what Kcal/g
9
Breakdown is equal to what
catabolism
Buildup is equal to what
anabolism