Midterm
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The scientific method is:
a method used by investigators to reconstruct crime scene events; a multi step method of inquiry used by scientists
What are considered manners of death?
Natural Accident Homicide Undetermined
What is not considered a manner of death?
Blunt force trauma
If the K and Q samples do not match, what conclusion should be reported in the forensic laboratory report?
Exclusion
What are the two types of physical matches?
Direct and indirect
The “body” or basic elements of a crime are described by the Latin term:
Corpus Delicti
What problem do you encounter when putting biological evidence in plastic packaging?
Mold can grow and destroy any DNA present
What is the first step in the processing of physical evidence?
Recognition
What acronym refers to the investigative database that contains known and unknown DNA profiles?
CODIS
The science that examines the effects of extraneous materials such as poisons on the human body is known as:
toxicology
What is the definition of “forensic science”?
The application of science to the law
Tangential fracture lines have the following characteristics:
encircle the point of impact
GSR patterns around a bullet hole are determine:
the muzzle to target distance
What individual established one of the world’s first police crime laboratories in Lyon, France?
Edmond Locard
What is not considered a class characteristic of fingerprints?
A dot
What is an example of an indentation?
Tire marks in snow
A blood droplet striking a non absorbent surface at a 10 degree angle of impact would form a bloodstain with the following shape:
A highly elongated ellipse
A comparison shows that a questioned specimen does not originate from a known source. This result is termed:
An exclusion
The type of marking made on a hard surface by the movement of a hard object across that surface is specifically known as:
a striation
What is the acronym refers to a computer database of fingerprints?
AFIS
What is an example of a striation mark?
Tool marks on a door frame from forced entry
What is the purpose of ASCLD/LAB?
to provide agencies with accreditation standards
In the Daubert decision, the Supreme Court issued guidelines for the admissibility of scientific evidence and advocated the role of “gate keeper” for which individual?
the trial judge
What factors influence the final appearance of the bloodstain that is formed when a blood droplet strikes a surface?
• The volume of blood • The texture of the target • The impact angle • The absorbance of the target surface